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AME 25:11-20 (2001)
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Abstract
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Responses of oyster Crassostrea virginica hemocytes to environmental and clinical isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Aswani K. Volety1, Susan A. McCarthy2, Ben D. Tall3, Sherill K. Curtis3, William S. Fisher4, Fred J. Genthner4,*
1Florida Gulf Coast University,10501 FGCU Blvd., Fort Myers, Florida 33965, USA
2US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Dauphin Island, Alabama 36528, USA
3US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Washington, DC 20204, USA
4US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA
*Cooresponding author. E-mail: genthner.fred@epa.gov
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ABSTRACT: Ingestion of bacteria by oysters Crassostrea virginica and bactericidal activity of oyster hemocytes were studied using 4 environmental isolates (shellfish) and 3 clinical isolates (fecal) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Clinical
isolates (2030, 2062, 2107) were obtained from the feces of patients with gastroenteritis who became ill during the 1998 food poisoning outbreak traced to consumption of raw oysters from Galveston Bay, Texas. This outbreak was the first reported
occurrence in the United States of the virulent serotype O3:K6. Environmental isolates were from oysters (1094, 1100), crab (1163) and sardines (ATCC 17802). All isolates possessed the thermolabile direct hemolysin (tlh) gene, whereas only the
clinical isolates possessed the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) gene, a virulence determinant. On average, environmental isolates were more susceptible than clinical isolates to killing by oyster hemocytes, as determined by an in vitro
dye reduction assay. Isolate 2062 was the most susceptible of the clinical isolates; it lacked identifiable capsular material present in the other clinical isolates and displayed the most diffuse colony morphology on nutrient agar plates. When oysters
were exposed in vivo to mixtures of a clinical (2030) and an environmental (1163) isolate, more clinical than environmental isolates were found in the tissues and hemolymph.
KEY WORDS: Oyster · Vibrio parahaemolyticus · Hemocytes · Capsule
Full text in pdf format
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Published in AME Vol.
25, No. 1
(2001) on August 10
Print ISSN: 0948-3055; Online ISSN: 1616-1564.
Copyright © Inter-Research, Oldendorf/Luhe, 2001
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