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AME 16:295-302 (1999)
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Abstract
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Release of ammonium and urea from dissolved organic nitrogen in aquatic ecosystems
Tom Berman1,*, Christian Béchemin2, Serge Y. Maestrini2
1Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Yigal Allon Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, PO Box 345, Tiberias 14105, Israel
2CREMA-L'Houmeau (CNRS-IFREMER), BP 5, F-17137 L'Houmeau, France
*E-mail: tberman@inter.net.il
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ABSTRACT: The potential for release of ammonium (NH4+) and/or urea from the pool of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) was examined in samples taken from Lake Kinneret (Israel), the River Charente estuary and coastal water near Ile de
Ré (French Atlantic coast). After prefiltration through 1.0 or 1.2 µm membranes to remove most of the microbiota with the exception of bacteria, water samples with or without supplements (40 µM) of various organic nitrogen compounds (arginine,
glucosamine, guanine, hypoxanthine, lysine, ornithine or thymine) were incubated at in situ temperatures, in the dark, for 7 to 14 d. Concentrations of NH4+ and urea were monitored during the incubation period. Increases of
NH4+ with time were observed in 8 out of 12 experiments with unsupplemented lake samples, and in a single trial with coastal water, but not with Charente estuary water. In some experiments, increases of urea concentrations were also
observed. The addition of organic nitrogen compounds almost always led to NH4+ increases in samples from all locations; guanine, hypoxanthine, arginine and, in the case of Charente water, glucosamine gave rise to urea. The addition
of nitrification inhibitors (40 µM) at the start of some experiments gave inconsistent results, but in some cases appeared to increase the concentrations of NH4+ with time. Taken together, the results of these experiments clearly
indicate the potential in natural waters for degradation of DON pool constituents by indigenous bacteria and/or free dissolved enzymes to NH4+ or urea; these in turn can be effectively exploited by the ambient microbiota. The
breakdown of DON with the concomitant release of readily available compounds such as NH4+ or urea could be an important process in the nitrogen nutrition of phytoplankton and bacteria.
KEY WORDS: DON · Decomposition · NH4+ · Urea · Bacteria · Lake · Estuary
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Published in AME Vol.
16, No. 3
(1999) on February 24
ISSN: 0948-3055.
Copyright © Inter-Research, Oldendorf/Luhe, 1999
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